Akigalawood: Givaudan’s Jordi Fernández And Pierre Arnoux Talk About The Captive Ingredient

Jordi Fernandez
IMAGE: Givaudan

I can’t remember exactly when Akigalawood started being used in fine fragrances. But I know exactly when, to quote Malcolm Gladwell, it reached a tipping point when I saw it as part of the name of the 2024 release, New Notes Akigala Mandarino Extrait de Parfum. The captive ingredient*, exclusive to Givaudan, features in increasingly more fragrances. And is a great example of the growing role of biotech in perfumery.

New Notes Akigala Mandarino Extrait de Parfum
IMAGE: New Notes.

From my research, some of the first fragrances to feature Akigalawood: Natura #Urbano EDT (2014), John Varvatos Dark Rebel EDT (2015), Miu Miu EDP (2015) and Comme des Garçons Blackpepper EDP** (2016).

Akigalawood - John Varvatos Dark Rebel EDT

In recent years, it’s made its way into niche favourites such as Amouage Guidance EDP (2023) and designer standouts such as Hermès Barénia EDP (2025) alike.

I noticed that Givaudan’s Vice-President of Perfumery, Fragrance & Beauty, Jordi Fernández, has utilised it in many of his creations. So I asked him some questions on how and why he uses it. See his answers below.

Jordi Fernandez
IMAGE: Givaudan.

Pierre Arnoux, Givaudan Marketing Manager S&T and FIB, also shared his insights in the interview below that one.

[*In my communications with Givaudan’s communications department, they stressed, “Akigalawood is a captive ingredient (not a molecule). Akigalawood is a natural (complex mixture) and not a single molecule.]

INTERVIEW WITH JORDI FERNÁNDEZ, GIVAUDAN MASTER PERFUMER
How would you describe Akigalawood? 

Akigalawood has vibrant spicy character, combining peppery nuances with woody facets reminiscent of patchouli and agarwood. It gives a unique refined and lasting trail to a fragrance.

I would describe it as a luminous, spicy and full-bodied woody note that enhances the natural depth of patchouli facets in a composition.

Ex Nihilo Blue Talisman EDP
PERFUME PROTECTION: The Jordi Fernández creation Ex Nihilo Blue Talisman EDP (2023) also features Akigalawood.
Were you involved in its development in any way, from a perfumer’s perspective?

I was not directly involved in the development of Akigalawood. In that kind of process, research perfumers collaborate with the scientific team to evaluate new materials as they are created.

“This interaction between scientific and creative perspectives is essential in deciding which new materials will join the perfumers’ palette.”

Later, other perfumers may test these ingredients in real composition contexts. We assess how they perform across different types of briefs, considering aspects such as olfactive fit, technical constraints, regulations, cost and compatibility with other ingredients. This interaction between scientific and creative perspectives is essential in deciding which new materials will join the perfumers’ palette.

Were you a fan of it from the beginning? Or did it take time for you to appreciate it? 

I started working with Akigalawood from the very beginning of its introduction. At first, it took me some time to truly understand its character and how to reveal its full potential in a composition.

Patchouli has always been my favourite ingredient. For me, it represents the power of the earth, a kind of natural strength that is deeply symbolic and that perfumery can express in a very direct way.

Montblanc Explorer EDP
CONNECTION: Montblanc Explorer EDP (2019) expresses Jordi Fernández’s love for both patchouli and Akigalawood.

When I discovered Akigalawood, I immediately felt the connection. It is derived from patchouli and carries part of its character, but in a more refined and contemporary form. From the first trials, I appreciated how it could bring elegance, modernity and a distinct woody-spicy signature to a fragrance.

Specifically, let’s talk about how you’ve used it in some of your creations. 27 87 Genetic Bliss EDP** (2018) features a number of captive ingredients, including Akigalawood. Was it your idea to include all these captives?

Genetic Bliss was the fifth fragrance in the Next Generation Collection, and we decided to explore in depth the possibilities of captive ingredients in perfumery. That’s why we chose to work captive, exclusive, high-quality ingredients that could express a very modern identity.

Akigalawood - 27 87 Genetic Bliss EDP

What did Akigalawood bring to Maison Crivelli Oud Maracujá Extrait de Parfum** (2023)?

It brings a vibrant, spicy-woody facet that echoes the character of natural oud while adding a modern sense of clarity and diffusion. In this fragrance, Akigalawood helps bridge the richness of the oud accord with the fruity intensity of passion fruit and the luminous notes around it. It adds texture and resonance, reinforcing the tension between freshness and warmth, which defines the scent’s identity.

Akigalawood - Maison Crivelli Oud Maracuja Extrait de Parfum

BDK Impadia EDP** (2025) has an oud-ish quality. Would that be Akigalawood at play there?

In Impadia, Akigalawood adds the woody and slightly spicy depth that can evoke the character of oud or agarwood. It brings a refined density and warmth to the fragrance, supporting the floral heart and enhancing the creamy, sensual base. Its spicy-woody vibration helps bridge the freshness of the rose bouquet with the roundness of the woods, contributing to the elegant trail that gives the composition its contemporary personality.

Akigalawood - BDK Impadia EDP

Are you encouraged, in the form of incentives, to use Akigalawood in your compositions?

As perfumers, we have complete creative freedom to choose the materials that best serve the concept and emotion we want to express. Of course, discovering and working with new ingredients is always exciting, but their inclusion in a formula depends entirely on olfactive relevance.

“Working with new ingredients is always exciting, but their inclusion in a formula depends entirely on olfactive relevance.”

INTERVIEW WITH PIERRE ARNOUX, GIVAUDAN MARKETING MANAGER S&T AND FIB

In my quest to find out more about Akigalawood, Pierre Arnoux answered a few questions, too. The S&T and FIB in his designation stand for Science & Technology and Fragrance Ingredient Business, respectively.

Akigalawood - Pierre Arnoux
IMAGE: Givaudan
What are captive ingredients?

Captives are fragrance ingredients that have been created and patented by Givaudan. They are available exclusively to Givaudan perfumers, allowing them to craft original and distinctive olfactive signatures that cannot be replicated elsewhere.

When did Akigalawood become available? 

Akigalawood was introduced into Givaudan’s perfumers’ palette in 2014.

Natura #Urbano EDT
IMAGE: Natura.
Did anyone, in particular, invent it?

Akigalawood was developed by Givaudan’s research team in our biotechnology laboratory in Dübendorf, Switzerland (now Kemptthal).

Why is it such an appealing material? 

Akigalawood adds a refined and contemporary character to fragrances. It combines woody and spicy unique facets that contribute depth and vibrancy to a composition.

Akigalawood - Comme des Garcons Blackpepper EDP

It’s not a synthetic, but an example of a natural produced by biotech. What does that mean? 

Biotechnology is a sustainable way to produce ingredients. It uses natural enzymes to transform materials. These enzymes act like microscopic factories – it’s similar to how enzymes are used in processes like brewing beer or making yoghurt.

We can use biotech to produce synthetic molecules or naturals. For example, Ambrofix is a synthetic molecule and it’s produced by biotech from sugar cane.

“Enzymes derived from fermentation processes act on patchouli oil residues to create a novel fragrance ingredient, allowing it to remain natural while gaining new olfactory qualities.”

Akigalawood, on its own, is a natural material, produced thanks to biotech. In the case of Akigalawood, enzymes derived from fermentation processes act on patchouli oil residues to create a novel fragrance ingredient. This approach allows the material to remain natural while gaining new olfactory qualities.

Was there a particular need for Akigalawood in the perfumers’ palette? 

Givaudan continuously seeks new ingredients that can provide perfumers with distinctive signatures and creative possibilities. Akigalawood was developed to broaden this palette with a new type of woody-spicy facet.

Akigalawood - Fugazzi Orange Crush

Could you give us a quick list of other Givaudan captive ingredients? 

While most captives remain confidential for intellectual property reasons, several have been shared publicly and advertised by our customers as hero ingredients, including Mahonial, Rosyfolia, Pomelol, Rosabloom, Petalia, Sylkolide and Ebelia.

**These fragrances available from Skins.

Lionel Paillès – An Interview With The Author Of Grasse: From Flower to Fragrance

Lionel Paillès

I’d been wanting to read another perfume book for a while. Even better, if it’s about a subject I’m more and more interested in – ingredients. And so when a copy of Grasse: From Flower to Fragrance by Lionel Paillès was sent to me, I was chuffed to say the least.

Lionel Paillès

Perfumery is about many things. But fundamentally it’s about the use of ingredients: whether naturals and/or synthetics, increasingly biotechnology.

Starting with the presence of the Swiss flavour and fragrance company dsm-firmenich in Grasse, the book, through meticulous research and brilliant photography, presents a picture of a firm, its perfumers, technicians and suppliers, at the forefront of research and science in the field of ingredients.

Lionel Paillès

Or should that be fields of ingredients? Although technology is central, it all starts with the suppliers and farmers in their fields of roses, lavender, jasmine, tuberose and mimosa in the heartland of French perfumery, Grasse.

While the book is very much about dsm-firmenich, it’s not a glorified sales pitch. Lionel Paillès is too much of a professional perfume writer to put his name on that sort of project.

“While the book is very much about dsm-firmenich, it’s not a glorified sales pitch.”

I had not heard of Lionel Paillès before receiving this book. The perfume critic, journalist and Fragrance Foundation judge is the author of titles such as Chanel: The Art of Creating Fragrance: Flowers of the French Riviera (Abrams, 2016) and Petit Lexique des amateurs épris d’odeurs et de parfums with Jean-Claude Ellena (Actes Sud, 2021).

Lionel Paillès

Some of the things I love about this book (apart from the teeny-weeny font size of captions – perhaps time for new glasses, Richard?):

+ The language of fragrances: an easy-to-understand glossary of terms from “absolute” and “biomass” to “supercritical fluid extraction (SPF)” and “upcycling”.

+ It emphasises the interconnection of science and nature and, in particular, the role of innovation in the process of fragrance creation.

+ While looking at many of the processes behind the scent scenes, it doesn’t lose sight of the alchemy and mystery in perfumery.

Lionel Paillès

Before I get to the interview with Lionel Paillès, some fast facts below for the perfume-geek lurking in all of us:

DID YOU KNOW?

+ Grasse was placed on Unesco’s Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity List in 2018 for its collective perfumery know-how.

+ Principal perfumer Fabrice Pellegrin and master perfumers Alberto Morillas, Nathalie Lorson, Olivier Cresp and Honorine Blanc are among the employees of dsm-firmenich.

+ These perfumers meet three times a year in Grasse at Villa Botanica, where Fabrice Pellegrin, the company’s director of Natural Product Research and Innovation, presents the latest innovations. It is these perfumers who approve each line of development one by one, after smelling, evaluating and comparing them to other ingredients on the market.

+ The centifolia rose is harvested by hand only, flower by flower, over a period of three to four weeks in the middle of the month of May. That’s why it is also known as the “May rose”.

Lionel Paillès

+ True lavender lends itself better to luxury perfume formulas. However, lavandin yields three times more essential oil than true lavender, which makes it particularly sought-after for “functional perfumery” (washing powder and liquid, soap, shower gel, shampoo).

+ A good jasmine picker harvests 600g to 800g of flowers per hour, which amounts to 6kg to 7kg of flowers in a day’s work.

+ Originally from Australia, mimosa (part of the acacia family), with its small, downy yellow flowers, was introduced to the south of France in the 19th century.

Source: Grasse: From Flower to Fragrance by Lionel Paillès.

Lionel Paillès

Tell me about your background and how you got into writing about perfumes.

I met Jean-Claude Ellena in 2010 during an article I wrote for L’Officiel Voyage magazine. I knew nothing about perfume, but his speech immediately fascinated me.  I decided to stop everything and train myself: learning raw materials and classic accords at the Cinquième Sens school, then with different perfumers (notably Jean-Christophe Hérault, picture below).   

Jean-Christophe Hérault

How long was this book in the making?

I wrote it between summer 2022 and summer 2023. We did six reports in Grasse in different seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter.

Who initiated the project?

I knew the perfumer Fabrice Pellegrin (picture below), who became a friend, well. Ten years ago, he introduced me to dsm-firmenich’s extraordinary facilities in Grasse.  When he spoke to me in 2021 about the Villa Botanica project, I suggested that we take the opportunity to imagine a book around Grasse perfume plants and their transformation. A work which is aimed at both the general public and professionals in the perfume industry.

Fabrice Pellegrin
IMAGE: dsm-firmenich.
What do you want people to understand from reading the book?

A beautiful perfume plant is not an end in itself and that it is its transformation that gives it all its value. The art of the perfumer would be nothing without the science necessary to transform the plant into an ingredient.

“A beautiful perfume plant is not an end in itself. Its transformation gives it all its value.” – Lionel Paillès

Lionel Paillès

How would you rate your knowledge of perfume ingredients before writing the book?

I had bookish knowledge and I had participated in a rose harvest in Grasse. That is just about everything.  I learned everything by going to Grasse to the dsm-firmenich factories and meeting the passionate farmers who are partners of the Swiss company.

What stood out for you as the project progressed?

I discovered that the entire Grasse region lived to the rhythm of the same passion: that of perfume. I also understood how the time of perfume was an eminently long time.  If consumers knew how long it takes to mature a beautiful jasmine, transform it into an extract and make it the beating heart of a perfume, they would better understand the price of perfume.

Lionel Paillès

The book talks a lot about Grasse, the traditional heart of French perfumery. Is it possible for the region to regain its former glory?

Since the big brands (Louis Vuitton, Dior) moved there, signing partnership contracts with flower producers, Grasse has regained its aura. The know-how of Grasse has been classified as a Unesco Intangible Heritage: the cultivation of perfume plants, the transformation and creation of perfume. Nowhere else in the world is so much know-how concentrated in one place.

“Nowhere else in the world is so much know-how concentrated in one place.” – Lionel Paillès

The book features a cast of suppliers, farmers, technicians and perfumers. Did you get to meet all of them?

Yes, I had the chance to meet all the partners of dsm-firmenich. Those who produce the rose; those who produce jasmine (Alexandra Richard impressed me with her determination and passion), mimosa, violet or tuberose.

The Villa Botanica is a symbol of dsm-firmenich’s position in Grasse. What role does this house play in raising consumer awareness of the role of science in perfumery?

It is both a place of creation, where perfumers extract themselves from their daily life, and a place of education, where brands come to discover perfume plants and the know-how of extraction developed over decades by dsm-firmenich.

Lionel Paillès

Biotechnology increasingly appears to be the future of perfume ingredients. The Firgood process is particularly fascinating. What can you tell me about it?

This is a process that uses microwaves, like the oven in your kitchen. By heating the plant in an oven, the molecules heat up by rubbing together and release their olfactory particles.  All perfume houses are looking for extraction methods that do not use petrochemical solvents and which consume little energy and water. The Firgood addresses these two issues. In addition, it makes it possible to extract so-called “dumb” flowers, the natural extract of which did not exist until now.

Lionel Paillès

Why is there such a push for natural ingredients now?

Naturalness is a consumer requirement that has existed for around 10 years but has increased with Covid. I really like natural extracts: they bring richness and complexity to the perfume. They also allow us to tell beautiful stories of women and men: the farmers who have been cultivating these plants for decades and sometimes generations.

“Natural extracts allow us to tell stories of the farmers who have been cultivating these plants for decades.” – Lionel Paillès

Lionel Paillès

And what about synthetics?

The synthetic molecule is essential to perfume. It allows the perfume to stick to the skin and make it last long throughout the day.

The superb photography by Philippe Frisée in this book deserves a mention. How did you work with him?

We were in Grasse together on all the reports. Philippe did not have any specific knowledge of plants. It comes from fashion and brings a new and non-cliché look at the perfume plant.

Philippe Frisée

The idea was to work like I work in the press when I go reporting: by joining our eyes and discovering things together.

*Grasse: From Flower to Fragrance (Gallimard) by Lionel Paillès is available from selected bookstores.